30 days accessibility testing challenge

 

Day15 # Find the problem that affects someone who is colorblind


What Is Color Blindness?

There are many types of color blindness but it comes down to not seeing color clearly, getting colors mixed up, or not being able to differentiate between certain colors.

Types of Colour Blindness

Trichomaty

Normal color vision uses all three types of light cones correctly and is known as trichromacy. People with normal color vision are known as trichromats.

Anomalous Trichomatic

Anomalous Trichromacy is the most common category of color blindness. It is an impairment of normal color vision, not a complete loss. This occurs when one of the cones is altered in its spectral sensitivity. It can be red/green or blue/yellow depending on which cone is altered. The ability of anomalous trichromats to distinguish between hues is better than dichromats but still not normal.

The different anomalous conditions are protanomaly, which is a reduced sensitivity to red light, deuteranomaly which is a reduced sensitivity to green light, and is the most common form of colour blindness, and tritanomaly which is a reduced sensitivity to blue light and is extremely rare.



These problems can also be exacerbated by the environments in which people use websites. This could include low-quality monitors, bad lighting, screen glare, tiny mobile screens, and sitting far away from a huge television screen.

Text Readability

To ensure text is readable it should pass accessibility guidelines based on the combination of text color, background color, and text size as follows:

“WCAG 2.0 level AA requires a contrast ratio of 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text (14 point and bold or larger, or 18 point or larger).” — WebAim color contrast checker

This illustrates how contrast is based on the combination of color and size.

Color Combinations

In the physical world, you can’t always control which colors appear next to one another: a red apple may have dropped and nestled itself into some green grass. However, we can control the colors we use to design our website. The following color combinations should be avoided where possible:

  • green/red
  • green/brown
  • blue/purple
  • green/blue
  • light green/yellow
  • blue/grey
  • green/grey
  • green/black

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